Deafness

Recent advances in stem cell research could provide a method of regenerating sensory cells within the inner ear. Humans are born with 30,000 cochlear and vestibular hair cells per ear. Unlike many animal species, they are unable to regenerate these if they are damaged. However, experiments with mice have shown that stem cells - along with reprogrammed fibroblasts - can be induced into creating replacement hair cells. If this process could be replicated in people, it could one day fully restore hearing. Scientists believe this could be achieved in a decade or so.*

Using the patient's own skin as a source of stem cells would mean that the replacements are a perfect genetic match for their body, avoiding issues of immune rejection. This form of therapy could also enable a variety of other ailments to be treated, such as balance disorders and tinnitus.